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Channelization in Wireless Communication
In the field of wireless communications, each technology employs a unique set of physical layer channels to facilitate efficient data transmission and network management. These channels, varying from one technology to another, are the backbone of wireless communication systems, handling everything from signal synchronization and network discovery to data transmission and control messaging. The table below provides an insightful comparison of the physical layer channelization across a range of wireless technologies, including Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, CDMA, GSM/GPRS, WCDMA, LTE, and 5G/NR. This comparison highlights the evolution and specialization of channel use and functionality, reflecting the diverse requirements and capabilities of each technology.
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Technology
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Purpose
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Channels
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Bluetooth
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Inquiry and Page Channels
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Device discovery and connection establishment
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Control and Data Channel
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Wi-Fi (WLAN)
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Beacon Frames/Channels
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Broadcasting network presence and information
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Probe Request/Response
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Network discovery
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Control and Data Channel
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Data transmission and control messaging over 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz bands
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DFS Channels
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Dynamic frequency selection in 5 GHz band to avoid radar interference
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CDMA
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Pilot Channel
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Signal synchronization and strength measurement
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Control and Data Channel
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Separate channels for uplink and downlink communication
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GSM/GPRS
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Uplink / Downlink Sync channel
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Synchronization Burst(SCH),Frequency Correction Burst(FCCH), Access Burst (RACH, AGCH)
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Broadcast Channel
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Normal Burst(BCCH and PCH)
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Control and Data Channel
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Normal Burst(TCH, SDCCH, SACCH, FACCH, BCCH and PCH)
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WCDMA
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Uplink / Downlink Sync channel
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Primany SCH, Secondary SCH, CPICH, PRACH
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Broadcast Channel
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P-CCPCH
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Control and Data Channel
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DPCH,HS-SCCH,HS-PDSCH
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4G/LTE
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Uplink / Downlink Sync channel
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PSS,SSS
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Broadcast Channel
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PBCH (MIB), PDSCH(SIB)
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Control and Data Channel
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PCFICH,PHICH,PDCCH, PDSCH,PUCCH,PUSCH
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5G/NR
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Uplink / Downlink Sync channel
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PSS,SSS
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Broadcast Channel
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PBCH,PDSCH
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Control and Data Channel
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PDCCH, PDSCH,PUCCH,PUSCH
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