IP/Network |
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route
C:\>route -?
Manipulates network routing tables.
ROUTE [-f] [-p] [-4|-6] command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway] [METRIC metric] [IF interface]
-f Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior to running the command.
-p When used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved when the system is restarted. Ignored for all other commands, which always affect the appropriate persistent routes. This option is not supported in Windows 95.
-4 Force using IPv4.
-6 Force using IPv6.
command One of these: PRINT Prints a route ADD Adds a route DELETE Deletes a route CHANGE Modifies an existing route destination Specifies the host. MASK Specifies that the next parameter is the 'netmask' value. netmask Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry. If not specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255. gateway Specifies gateway. interface the interface number for the specified route. METRIC specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination.
All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the network database file NETWORKS. The symbolic names for gateway are looked up in the host name database file HOSTS.
If the command is PRINT or DELETE. Destination or gateway can be a wildcard, (wildcard is specified as a star '*'), or the gateway argument may be omitted.
If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern, and only matching destination routes are printed. The '*' matches any string, and '?' matches any one char. Examples: 157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*.
Pattern match is only allowed in PRINT command. Diagnostic Notes: Invalid MASK generates an error, that is when (DEST & MASK) != DEST. Example> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1 The route addition failed: The specified mask parameter is invalid. (Destination & Mask) != Destination.
Examples:
> route PRINT > route PRINT -4 > route PRINT -6 > route PRINT 157* .... Only prints those matching 157*
> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 METRIC 3 IF 2 destination^ ^mask ^gateway metric^ Interface^ If IF is not given, it tries to find the best interface for a given gateway. > route ADD 3ffe::/32 3ffe::1
> route CHANGE 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.5 METRIC 2 IF 2
CHANGE is used to modify gateway and/or metric only.
> route DELETE 157.0.0.0 > route DELETE 3ffe::/32
Example 1: -------------------------------------------------------------
C:\> route PRINT
=========================================================================== Interface List 24...02 30 4d a4 10 01 ......BlackBerry Virtual Private Network 12...3c a9 f4 45 dd 58 ......Intel(R) Centrino(R) Ultimate-N 6300 AGN 11...f0 1f af 28 8d 92 ......Intel(R) 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 23...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft 6to4 Adapter 35...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 25...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3 34...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 55...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #5 ===========================================================================
IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.25.228.1 172.25.228.101 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 On-link 169.254.242.200 261 169.254.242.200 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.254.242.200 261 169.254.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.254.242.200 261 172.25.228.0 255.255.254.0 On-link 172.25.228.101 276 172.25.228.101 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.25.228.101 276 172.25.229.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.25.228.101 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 172.25.228.101 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 169.254.242.200 261 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.25.228.101 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.254.242.200 261 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None
IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: If Metric Network Destination Gateway 1 306 ::1/128 On-link 24 261 fd00::/8 On-link 24 261 fd3a:255f:a321:6985:63b1:16f9:7569:a608/128 On-link 12 276 fe80::/64 On-link 24 261 fe80::/64 On-link 12 276 fe80::2c3e:aabf:6ffa:8145/128 On-link 24 261 fe80::751a:739b:86c3:f2c8/128 On-link 1 306 ff00::/8 On-link 12 276 ff00::/8 On-link 24 261 ff00::/8 On-link =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None
Example 2: -------------------------------------------------------------
C:\>route DELETE * // This command delete the whole routing table. Be careful to use this. OK!
C:\>route PRINT // Just to confirm everything is removed from the table =========================================================================== Interface List 24...02 30 4d a4 10 01 ......BlackBerry Virtual Private Network 12...3c a9 f4 45 dd 58 ......Intel(R) Centrino(R) Ultimate-N 6300 AGN 11...f0 1f af 28 8d 92 ......Intel(R) 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 23...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft 6to4 Adapter 35...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 25...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3 34...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 55...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #5 ===========================================================================
IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: None Persistent Routes: None
IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: None Persistent Routes: None
Example 3 : -------------------------------------------------------------
// '11' in the following command indicate the Interface ID. You can get the interface ID for a specific Network Card by the command 'ipconfig'.
C:\>route change 0.0.0.0 MASK 0.0.0.0 172.25.228.1 metric 100 if 11
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